Conditions of the Concentration Camps During the Holocaust...

Adolf Hitler’s rise to power in 1933 and his sudden control over Germany sparked a new age of reform within the new â€Å"Nazi-state† (Hunt 848). As Nazism became a major aspect of everyday life in Germany, Hitler plotted against his enemies and those he blamed for Germany’s defeat in World War I: the Jewish race. In his biography, Mein Kampf, Hitler discusses the artistic, social, and technological superiority of Germany (â€Å"Aryans†), why he believes the Aryans are the ultimate dominant human race, and he makes many anti-Semitic remarks against the Jews. (Lualdi 224). In 1935, the â€Å"Nuremberg Laws† were enacted to deny Jewish Germans of their citizenship; this ultimately led Hitler to carry out his â€Å"Final Solution,† in which he hoped to fully†¦show more content†¦The select others, usually consisting of stronger-looking young males and teenagers, would then be searched, stripped of their possessions, disinfected of any g erms or disease, have their heads shaved, and be given tattered clothing (Hunt 865). These victims were subjected to living like abused, wild animals. As described in the novel, The Tragedy of Nazi Germany, â€Å"Camp inmates were degraded and debased to a subhuman level†¦They were scarecrows with match-stick thin limbs. Their shaven heads were hangdog and dirty, their skins scaly and scabby with sores and starvation,† (Phillips 185). Inmates were malnourished, for they were given the smallest scraps of food only to suffice for energy to produce labor; lack of clothing and food during the harsh conditions of the winter caused many to fall ill and die of disease; they were punished for the simplest mistakes, and these punishments consisted of â€Å"cruel beatings and torture which often killed the weakened emaciated bodies,† (Phillips 185). After World War II, these horrifying conditions had resulted in the deaths of approximately six million Jews, and about five m illion other minority groups within Europe (Hunt 865). How did the inmates that overcame these dreadful conditions manage to survive and find liberation after a period of pure ignorance andShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Pain and Horros of The Concentration Camps1456 Words   |  6 Pageswant the concentration camps to become old age prisoners homes, but instruments of terror- Adolf Hitler. From getting to the concentration camps, life in the camp, and to the death process the prisoners of the concentration camps suffered not only physical excruciating pain and horror, but also mental traumatic experiences. The pain and horror of the concentration camps would never go away from the prisoners mind; it was always there as a haunting memory of evil cruelty. Concentration camps displayedRead MoreThe Holocaust .The Holocaust Was The Murder Of About Six873 Words   |  4 PagesThe Holocaust The Holocaust was the murder of about six million Jews (Meltzer 2) by Adolf Hitler and the Nazis (â€Å"Anti-Semitism† par. 21) that happened in the years of 1933 (â€Å"Introduction To The Holocaust† par. 1) to 1945 (â€Å"Introduction To The Holocaust† par. 12). It took place primarily in Germany, within concentration camps, ghettos, and death camps (â€Å"Introduction To The Holocaust† par. 1) run by Hitler and the Nazis made to persecute the Jews. The Holocaust was the persecution of 6Read MoreEssay on Jewish Living Conditions In Concentration Camps846 Words   |  4 PagesJewish Living Conditions In Concentration Camps Jewish Living Conditions In Concentration Camps. It is estimated that Nazis established around fifteen thousand concentration camps throughout occupied countries. (Concentration Camp Listing, 2010) These camps, known as â€Å"DEATH CAMPS† spread throughout all of Europe under German ruling. It has been estimated to be around 15,000,000 concentration camps that were established from small to large ones. (Concentration Camp Listing, 2010) One of theRead MoreThe Holocaust and Nazi Germany Essay1100 Words   |  5 PagesThe Holocaust is most well-known for the organized and inhumane extermination of more than six million Jews. The death total of the Jews is this most staggering; however, other groups such as Gypsies, Poles, Russians, political groups, Jehovah’s witnesses, and homosexuals were targeted as well (Holocaust Encyclopedia: Introduction to the Holocaust). The initial idea of persecuting select groups of people began with Adolf Hitler’s rise to power in Germany. In January 1930, Hitler became the Chan cellorRead MoreThe Holocaust : The Nazi Attempt774 Words   |  4 PagesFebruary 2017 The Holocaust The Holocaust was the Nazi attempt to wipe out the Jewish race (Rossel 12). The Holocaust took place from 1933 to 1945 (Rossel 12). The Holocaust took place in Europe, mainly Germany (â€Å"Introduction† par 3). Mainly Jewish and Nazi people were involved in the Holocaust, as well as some Gypsies (â€Å"Introduction† par 2, 3). The Holocaust was the persecution of 6 million Jews and millions of others forced to live in ghettos, deported to camps, and systematically annihilatedRead MoreWhat Was It Like To Live In The Time During The Holocaust?1247 Words   |  5 Pageslike to live in the time during the holocaust? What made the holocaust so revolutionary? Nazi leader, Adolf Hitler had a masterplan to eliminate the jews in Germany, the Nazis became powerful in a way that they saw the Jews as inferior. Through 1933 till 1945, roughly more than 11 million people were murdered. During the holocaust 1/3 of all Jewish people alive were persecuted. They created transit, c oncentration camps to monitor the Jews during the war. The concentration camps took away the rights ofRead MoreTo Not Repeating the Past: An Analysis of the Holocaust Essay1024 Words   |  5 PagesHolocaust survivor, Anne Frank, once said, â€Å"If we bear all this suffering and if there are still Jews left, when it is over, then Jews, instead of being doomed, will be held up as an example† (â€Å"Auschwitz concentration camps†Ã¢â‚¬Å"). Throughout the Holocaust millions died. The Jews were put into ghetto’s before being boarded to concentration camps. Concentration camps were cruel and killed large sums of people. The ghettos were cramped and didn’t range very far, and possessed Horribly living conditionsRead MoreThe World s Leading Spokesman On The Holocaust908 Words   |  4 Pagesdeclared chairman of â€Å"The President’s Commission on the Holocaust†. Wiesel earned the reputation of â€Å"world’s leading spokesman on the Holo caust† because of his extensive discussions about the Holocaust and the impact it had on Jews (â€Å"Elie Wiesel-Facts† par. 1). Wiesel’s early life was unfortunate; his parents and his sister died in the concentration camps that were held by the Germans. Fortunately, Wiesel survived the harsh conditions of the camps. He believed he survived because it was â€Å"nothing moreRead MoreAuschwitz Concentration Camp Where Nightmares Became a Reality1434 Words   |  6 PagesAuschwitz was one of the most well known death camps, a place where nightmares became realities. This affected the lives of those who were apprehended from their homes taken from their family and friends. At the camp most people who entered did not leave and those who survived faced hardships no human should ever have to endure such as hunger, illness, fear, and pain. These are just a few examples of the struggles of being in Auschwitz. The Schultz Stopa, more commonly known as the SS were anRead MoreThe Holocaust1225 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Sabrina Liu Mrs. Osmonson English 2 8 May 2014 The Holocaust The Holocaust was one of the world’s darkest hours, a mass murder conducted in the shadows of the world’s most deadly war.  The Holocaust also known as Shoah, means a systematic, bureaucratic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of approximately six million Jews during the WWII by German Nazi. Adolf Hitler the leader of Nazis, who afraid Jews would take power over Germans; also, many Germans felt they were mistreated by the lost so

Conditions of the Concentration Camps During the Holocaust...

Adolf Hitler’s rise to power in 1933 and his sudden control over Germany sparked a new age of reform within the new â€Å"Nazi-state† (Hunt 848). As Nazism became a major aspect of everyday life in Germany, Hitler plotted against his enemies and those he blamed for Germany’s defeat in World War I: the Jewish race. In his biography, Mein Kampf, Hitler discusses the artistic, social, and technological superiority of Germany (â€Å"Aryans†), why he believes the Aryans are the ultimate dominant human race, and he makes many anti-Semitic remarks against the Jews. (Lualdi 224). In 1935, the â€Å"Nuremberg Laws† were enacted to deny Jewish Germans of their citizenship; this ultimately led Hitler to carry out his â€Å"Final Solution,† in which he hoped to fully†¦show more content†¦The select others, usually consisting of stronger-looking young males and teenagers, would then be searched, stripped of their possessions, disinfected of any g erms or disease, have their heads shaved, and be given tattered clothing (Hunt 865). These victims were subjected to living like abused, wild animals. As described in the novel, The Tragedy of Nazi Germany, â€Å"Camp inmates were degraded and debased to a subhuman level†¦They were scarecrows with match-stick thin limbs. Their shaven heads were hangdog and dirty, their skins scaly and scabby with sores and starvation,† (Phillips 185). Inmates were malnourished, for they were given the smallest scraps of food only to suffice for energy to produce labor; lack of clothing and food during the harsh conditions of the winter caused many to fall ill and die of disease; they were punished for the simplest mistakes, and these punishments consisted of â€Å"cruel beatings and torture which often killed the weakened emaciated bodies,† (Phillips 185). After World War II, these horrifying conditions had resulted in the deaths of approximately six million Jews, and about five m illion other minority groups within Europe (Hunt 865). How did the inmates that overcame these dreadful conditions manage to survive and find liberation after a period of pure ignorance andShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Pain and Horros of The Concentration Camps1456 Words   |  6 Pageswant the concentration camps to become old age prisoners homes, but instruments of terror- Adolf Hitler. From getting to the concentration camps, life in the camp, and to the death process the prisoners of the concentration camps suffered not only physical excruciating pain and horror, but also mental traumatic experiences. The pain and horror of the concentration camps would never go away from the prisoners mind; it was always there as a haunting memory of evil cruelty. Concentration camps displayedRead MoreThe Holocaust .The Holocaust Was The Murder Of About Six873 Words   |  4 PagesThe Holocaust The Holocaust was the murder of about six million Jews (Meltzer 2) by Adolf Hitler and the Nazis (â€Å"Anti-Semitism† par. 21) that happened in the years of 1933 (â€Å"Introduction To The Holocaust† par. 1) to 1945 (â€Å"Introduction To The Holocaust† par. 12). It took place primarily in Germany, within concentration camps, ghettos, and death camps (â€Å"Introduction To The Holocaust† par. 1) run by Hitler and the Nazis made to persecute the Jews. The Holocaust was the persecution of 6Read MoreEssay on Jewish Living Conditions In Concentration Camps846 Words   |  4 PagesJewish Living Conditions In Concentration Camps Jewish Living Conditions In Concentration Camps. It is estimated that Nazis established around fifteen thousand concentration camps throughout occupied countries. (Concentration Camp Listing, 2010) These camps, known as â€Å"DEATH CAMPS† spread throughout all of Europe under German ruling. It has been estimated to be around 15,000,000 concentration camps that were established from small to large ones. (Concentration Camp Listing, 2010) One of theRead MoreThe Holocaust and Nazi Germany Essay1100 Words   |  5 PagesThe Holocaust is most well-known for the organized and inhumane extermination of more than six million Jews. The death total of the Jews is this most staggering; however, other groups such as Gypsies, Poles, Russians, political groups, Jehovah’s witnesses, and homosexuals were targeted as well (Holocaust Encyclopedia: Introduction to the Holocaust). The initial idea of persecuting select groups of people began with Adolf Hitler’s rise to power in Germany. In January 1930, Hitler became the Chan cellorRead MoreThe Holocaust : The Nazi Attempt774 Words   |  4 PagesFebruary 2017 The Holocaust The Holocaust was the Nazi attempt to wipe out the Jewish race (Rossel 12). The Holocaust took place from 1933 to 1945 (Rossel 12). The Holocaust took place in Europe, mainly Germany (â€Å"Introduction† par 3). Mainly Jewish and Nazi people were involved in the Holocaust, as well as some Gypsies (â€Å"Introduction† par 2, 3). The Holocaust was the persecution of 6 million Jews and millions of others forced to live in ghettos, deported to camps, and systematically annihilatedRead MoreWhat Was It Like To Live In The Time During The Holocaust?1247 Words   |  5 Pageslike to live in the time during the holocaust? What made the holocaust so revolutionary? Nazi leader, Adolf Hitler had a masterplan to eliminate the jews in Germany, the Nazis became powerful in a way that they saw the Jews as inferior. Through 1933 till 1945, roughly more than 11 million people were murdered. During the holocaust 1/3 of all Jewish people alive were persecuted. They created transit, c oncentration camps to monitor the Jews during the war. The concentration camps took away the rights ofRead MoreTo Not Repeating the Past: An Analysis of the Holocaust Essay1024 Words   |  5 PagesHolocaust survivor, Anne Frank, once said, â€Å"If we bear all this suffering and if there are still Jews left, when it is over, then Jews, instead of being doomed, will be held up as an example† (â€Å"Auschwitz concentration camps†Ã¢â‚¬Å"). Throughout the Holocaust millions died. The Jews were put into ghetto’s before being boarded to concentration camps. Concentration camps were cruel and killed large sums of people. The ghettos were cramped and didn’t range very far, and possessed Horribly living conditionsRead MoreThe World s Leading Spokesman On The Holocaust908 Words   |  4 Pagesdeclared chairman of â€Å"The President’s Commission on the Holocaust†. Wiesel earned the reputation of â€Å"world’s leading spokesman on the Holo caust† because of his extensive discussions about the Holocaust and the impact it had on Jews (â€Å"Elie Wiesel-Facts† par. 1). Wiesel’s early life was unfortunate; his parents and his sister died in the concentration camps that were held by the Germans. Fortunately, Wiesel survived the harsh conditions of the camps. He believed he survived because it was â€Å"nothing moreRead MoreAuschwitz Concentration Camp Where Nightmares Became a Reality1434 Words   |  6 PagesAuschwitz was one of the most well known death camps, a place where nightmares became realities. This affected the lives of those who were apprehended from their homes taken from their family and friends. At the camp most people who entered did not leave and those who survived faced hardships no human should ever have to endure such as hunger, illness, fear, and pain. These are just a few examples of the struggles of being in Auschwitz. The Schultz Stopa, more commonly known as the SS were anRead MoreThe Holocaust1225 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Sabrina Liu Mrs. Osmonson English 2 8 May 2014 The Holocaust The Holocaust was one of the world’s darkest hours, a mass murder conducted in the shadows of the world’s most deadly war.  The Holocaust also known as Shoah, means a systematic, bureaucratic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of approximately six million Jews during the WWII by German Nazi. Adolf Hitler the leader of Nazis, who afraid Jews would take power over Germans; also, many Germans felt they were mistreated by the lost so

Conditions of the Concentration Camps During the Holocaust...

Adolf Hitler’s rise to power in 1933 and his sudden control over Germany sparked a new age of reform within the new â€Å"Nazi-state† (Hunt 848). As Nazism became a major aspect of everyday life in Germany, Hitler plotted against his enemies and those he blamed for Germany’s defeat in World War I: the Jewish race. In his biography, Mein Kampf, Hitler discusses the artistic, social, and technological superiority of Germany (â€Å"Aryans†), why he believes the Aryans are the ultimate dominant human race, and he makes many anti-Semitic remarks against the Jews. (Lualdi 224). In 1935, the â€Å"Nuremberg Laws† were enacted to deny Jewish Germans of their citizenship; this ultimately led Hitler to carry out his â€Å"Final Solution,† in which he hoped to fully†¦show more content†¦The select others, usually consisting of stronger-looking young males and teenagers, would then be searched, stripped of their possessions, disinfected of any g erms or disease, have their heads shaved, and be given tattered clothing (Hunt 865). These victims were subjected to living like abused, wild animals. As described in the novel, The Tragedy of Nazi Germany, â€Å"Camp inmates were degraded and debased to a subhuman level†¦They were scarecrows with match-stick thin limbs. Their shaven heads were hangdog and dirty, their skins scaly and scabby with sores and starvation,† (Phillips 185). Inmates were malnourished, for they were given the smallest scraps of food only to suffice for energy to produce labor; lack of clothing and food during the harsh conditions of the winter caused many to fall ill and die of disease; they were punished for the simplest mistakes, and these punishments consisted of â€Å"cruel beatings and torture which often killed the weakened emaciated bodies,† (Phillips 185). After World War II, these horrifying conditions had resulted in the deaths of approximately six million Jews, and about five m illion other minority groups within Europe (Hunt 865). How did the inmates that overcame these dreadful conditions manage to survive and find liberation after a period of pure ignorance andShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Pain and Horros of The Concentration Camps1456 Words   |  6 Pageswant the concentration camps to become old age prisoners homes, but instruments of terror- Adolf Hitler. From getting to the concentration camps, life in the camp, and to the death process the prisoners of the concentration camps suffered not only physical excruciating pain and horror, but also mental traumatic experiences. The pain and horror of the concentration camps would never go away from the prisoners mind; it was always there as a haunting memory of evil cruelty. Concentration camps displayedRead MoreThe Holocaust .The Holocaust Was The Murder Of About Six873 Words   |  4 PagesThe Holocaust The Holocaust was the murder of about six million Jews (Meltzer 2) by Adolf Hitler and the Nazis (â€Å"Anti-Semitism† par. 21) that happened in the years of 1933 (â€Å"Introduction To The Holocaust† par. 1) to 1945 (â€Å"Introduction To The Holocaust† par. 12). It took place primarily in Germany, within concentration camps, ghettos, and death camps (â€Å"Introduction To The Holocaust† par. 1) run by Hitler and the Nazis made to persecute the Jews. The Holocaust was the persecution of 6Read MoreEssay on Jewish Living Conditions In Concentration Camps846 Words   |  4 PagesJewish Living Conditions In Concentration Camps Jewish Living Conditions In Concentration Camps. It is estimated that Nazis established around fifteen thousand concentration camps throughout occupied countries. (Concentration Camp Listing, 2010) These camps, known as â€Å"DEATH CAMPS† spread throughout all of Europe under German ruling. It has been estimated to be around 15,000,000 concentration camps that were established from small to large ones. (Concentration Camp Listing, 2010) One of theRead MoreThe Holocaust and Nazi Germany Essay1100 Words   |  5 PagesThe Holocaust is most well-known for the organized and inhumane extermination of more than six million Jews. The death total of the Jews is this most staggering; however, other groups such as Gypsies, Poles, Russians, political groups, Jehovah’s witnesses, and homosexuals were targeted as well (Holocaust Encyclopedia: Introduction to the Holocaust). The initial idea of persecuting select groups of people began with Adolf Hitler’s rise to power in Germany. In January 1930, Hitler became the Chan cellorRead MoreThe Holocaust : The Nazi Attempt774 Words   |  4 PagesFebruary 2017 The Holocaust The Holocaust was the Nazi attempt to wipe out the Jewish race (Rossel 12). The Holocaust took place from 1933 to 1945 (Rossel 12). The Holocaust took place in Europe, mainly Germany (â€Å"Introduction† par 3). Mainly Jewish and Nazi people were involved in the Holocaust, as well as some Gypsies (â€Å"Introduction† par 2, 3). The Holocaust was the persecution of 6 million Jews and millions of others forced to live in ghettos, deported to camps, and systematically annihilatedRead MoreWhat Was It Like To Live In The Time During The Holocaust?1247 Words   |  5 Pageslike to live in the time during the holocaust? What made the holocaust so revolutionary? Nazi leader, Adolf Hitler had a masterplan to eliminate the jews in Germany, the Nazis became powerful in a way that they saw the Jews as inferior. Through 1933 till 1945, roughly more than 11 million people were murdered. During the holocaust 1/3 of all Jewish people alive were persecuted. They created transit, c oncentration camps to monitor the Jews during the war. The concentration camps took away the rights ofRead MoreTo Not Repeating the Past: An Analysis of the Holocaust Essay1024 Words   |  5 PagesHolocaust survivor, Anne Frank, once said, â€Å"If we bear all this suffering and if there are still Jews left, when it is over, then Jews, instead of being doomed, will be held up as an example† (â€Å"Auschwitz concentration camps†Ã¢â‚¬Å"). Throughout the Holocaust millions died. The Jews were put into ghetto’s before being boarded to concentration camps. Concentration camps were cruel and killed large sums of people. The ghettos were cramped and didn’t range very far, and possessed Horribly living conditionsRead MoreThe World s Leading Spokesman On The Holocaust908 Words   |  4 Pagesdeclared chairman of â€Å"The President’s Commission on the Holocaust†. Wiesel earned the reputation of â€Å"world’s leading spokesman on the Holo caust† because of his extensive discussions about the Holocaust and the impact it had on Jews (â€Å"Elie Wiesel-Facts† par. 1). Wiesel’s early life was unfortunate; his parents and his sister died in the concentration camps that were held by the Germans. Fortunately, Wiesel survived the harsh conditions of the camps. He believed he survived because it was â€Å"nothing moreRead MoreAuschwitz Concentration Camp Where Nightmares Became a Reality1434 Words   |  6 PagesAuschwitz was one of the most well known death camps, a place where nightmares became realities. This affected the lives of those who were apprehended from their homes taken from their family and friends. At the camp most people who entered did not leave and those who survived faced hardships no human should ever have to endure such as hunger, illness, fear, and pain. These are just a few examples of the struggles of being in Auschwitz. The Schultz Stopa, more commonly known as the SS were anRead MoreThe Holocaust1225 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Sabrina Liu Mrs. Osmonson English 2 8 May 2014 The Holocaust The Holocaust was one of the world’s darkest hours, a mass murder conducted in the shadows of the world’s most deadly war.  The Holocaust also known as Shoah, means a systematic, bureaucratic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of approximately six million Jews during the WWII by German Nazi. Adolf Hitler the leader of Nazis, who afraid Jews would take power over Germans; also, many Germans felt they were mistreated by the lost so

The Hidden Gem of D&D Argumentative Essay Topics

The Hidden Gem of D&D Argumentative Essay Topics Writing an argumentative essay is a skill that anyone in school should know, even though it can be useful outside the classroom, too. Before you turn in your assignment, you are going to want to appear over it one final moment. It is essential that the thesis statement ought to be slimmed down so as to adhere to the guidelines of the given writing exercise. Working to an argumentative essay when you're learning first steps, isn't an easy endeavor to do. Top D & D Argumentative Essay Topics Choices When selecting a topic make sure you like it, as you have to devote days or even weeks on it, so it's important to stay motivated regarding the matter you discuss. The modern society has embraced mobile phones in a large way but it has arrived at a price. It is impossible to watch videos, listen to music, and a lot more. Remember you can make funny argumentative essays if you do a few things. No really, it is an excellent idea. Even in case you don't like to argue with the points of different individuals, it's still true that you has to be prepared to compose an argumentative essay at any moment! If you've completed a nice job, they will observe things your way and your essay is going to be a success. What You Don't Know About D & D Argumentative Essay Topics In the debut, that is the very first paragraph of the essay, Myrtle will want to spell out the problem and state her position. Winning an argument is not simple. Many people have a tendency to compose weak arguments since they don't know how to compose a compelling argument. While arguing with many opinions, you've lost the focus. All you have to do here is to reiterate some ideas and provide a general conclusive assertion. Verify the arguments of the US citizens who don't support the notion of the 2nd national language. The D & D Argumentative Essay Topics Stories This kind of essay wants a good framework and fantastic support. Put simply, if you don't compose a terrific introduction, you won't have the ability to devise a flawless essay. You may have a look at the extra info on how best to compose an eye-catching essay introduction with a hook. The very first sentence of the essay has to be interesting enough to create the reader read on. Remember that the period of your essay is dependent upon the assignment provided to you. You have to make sure you remain on that 1 side during your whole essay. An argumentative essay is a sort of essay that presents arguments about each side of a problem. It presents both sides of an issue. Generally, it has the same outline as the majority of traditional papers. Every argumentative essay ought to be based on a topic that may be debated. Although there are just two short paragraphs, there's a whole lot of room for confusion here. Each and every portion of the essay exerts a specific function in its general structure. The perfect way to engage the reader from the very first few lines is to bring a hook sentence. You will need to realize that different individuals have various points of view regarding the exact topic, so be patient. Choose from popular topics that folks are passionate about. If you really need to get folks to find things your way, you will need to convince them with evidence and facts. Various folks need different approaches. There are lots of men and women who don't need to understand what's in their food. Doing this will enhance your AP writing. The AP English argument FRQ is easily the most straightforward of the AP English FRQs since it's the most like essays you're already utilised to writing. A 1 hour essay deadline may be a true problem, if you aren't good enough at writing and expressing your ideas on a topic you aren't really interested in. It is very important to check reviews about essay writing services in order to be confident they can deliver your task before the deadline. Knowing the question you're answering is the most crucial portion of AP writing. It's crucially important to totally engage yourself in this issue you will write. It is not a must, but should you care about your topic, it'll be resembled in your writing. Remember an argumentative essay is based more on facts rather than emotion. A great method to tell if your topics is an argument topic is to see whether you can debate your topic working with the info you find. Argumentative essays utilize logic, facts, and reasoning to influence the victor. In order to really convince readers of your standpoint, the argumentative essay must also check at the opposing views. Once more, it's important to use valuable facts and statistics. The introduction comprises an explanation of the matter, background info, and the author's position. You will then have to approach this issue by gathering, generating, and evaluating credible sources to back up your evidence. Look through the list of topics with care and start making a mental collection of the evidence you are able to use on topics you want.

Essay on Concrete Technology and Practice

Question: Write an essay on Concrete Technology and Practice. Answer: Introduction In current worldwide markets and increasing accentuation on quality, requirement for look at facility information has multiplied numerous fold and high of that precision and dependability of information is an extra worry. Our development cloth building and checking out accreditations symbolize themselves. Our knowledgeable designers having huge know-how and comprehension of material checking out, development substances and development practies. Our group of designers and experts help our customers suspect and diminish knowledge hassle and postpones. Our study offerings are furnished with basically the maximum current intricate building fabric checking out offers. Our administrations contain not just fabric finding out administrations and designing notion, auxiliary evaluate and so forth. STRC has involvement in checking out substantial form of development materials, such as Cement, Concrete, Aggregates, Admixture, Flyash, Masonry, Tiles, timber, metal, Aluminum, Bricks, question ston es, WMM, GSB and a few extra. Our personnel of experts and technologists make redid cloth checking out projects to satisfy the requests of makers having proprietary gadgets. at the thing while taking a different or reconsidered item to sell having it authorized through using a professional unfastened scan Laboratory will maximum of the time boom its acknowledgment within the commercial center. In like strategy, addition learning of at the assessment of the best possible level of CO2 surge in the solid new dispatch is basic. due to this truth, in naturally made nations, considers have been coordinated at the new arrival of low CO2 releasing cement, for example, a low-carbon solid obtaining system, in spite of the fact that thinks around in this element had been poor in Korea. As a final result, this study surveyed the fittingness and the diminishment execution of the low-carbon-release concrete blend arrangement system and the contemplated mix layout results using a formative count, the suitable blend characterize strategy, which minimizes the CO2 spread of the solid blend characterize. This point of interest ability of developed a blend arrangement database from cycle 800 in number combo traces with different qualities and connected an EA to complete the wonderful combo plot. On the equivalent time determining the outstanding blend characterizes, we respected design variab les, object limits, and necessity abilities to amass the count. There are some of tactics for trying out the brilliant of solidified cement. The 2 techniques depicted here incorporate trying out barrels and shafts. Some test strategies are totally nondestructive and a few are marginally unfavorable, leaving openings which may be pretty frequently little and without difficulty fixed. The individuals performing these assessments ought to be licensed and have the proper confirmations known as for in the ASTM common check processes. The least stressful and most herbal take a look at to take part in is creating a chamber of recent, solidified cement, and in a while sorting out the solidified example at the predefined age. Inside the February trouble, we talked regarding the contrasts between field-cured and regular-cured chambers. One of the critical trendy necessities for throwing first-rate examples is that molds be spherical and hollow and have a tallness to-length percentage of 1. Molds for framing strong test chambers vertically must slot in with ASTM C470. Chambers made as per ASTM C31 will also be attempted to sadness inside the vertical position for compressive quality or instrumented and tried for Modulus of Elasticity and Poisson's Ratio. Barrels will also be positioned on a stage plane and tried for section elasticity. Chambers likewise can also be weighed and attempted for unit weight, which on the entire is carried out for light-weight cement. Barrel molds could have widths from 2 to 36 inches, however essentially the most extensively diagnosed sizes are 2, 3, 4, and six-inch measurements. The 6x12-inch chamber has been the common of the commercial enterprise for a completely long time, however after substantial attempting out, 4x8-inch barrels now are perceived as accurate by way of way of ACI to be applied for compressive awesome acknowledgment trying out. Remember that the width of the mould want to be at least three times the ostensible greatest size of the coarse whole. The 3x6-inch molds will now not be by and large utilized; however as an alternative the 2x4-inch molds may also be applied for mortar best trying out. Analysis The given properties of the concrete are as follows- Measurements Mix A Mix B Mix C Mix D Cylinder diameter (mm) 204 204 204 204 Cylinder height (mm) 218 218 218 218 Volume of cylinder (v) (m3) 7.227 x 10-3 7.227 x 10-3 7.227 x 10-3 7.227 x 10-3 Wt. of empty cylinder (mo) (kg) 8.953 8.953 8.953 8.953 Wt. of cylinder with concrete (m1) (kg) 26.767 26.683 26.572 26.485 Air content (%) 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Slump of concrete to nearest 5 mm 25 (HWR) 150 (HWR) 75 140 Type of slump (No/True/Shear/Collapse) True True True True Stability of slump (Yes/No) Yes Yes Yes Yes Bleeding (Yes/No) No Yes No Yes The equipments required to measure these properties are as follows- Micro meter A micrometer from time to time known as a micrometer screw gage, is a tool becoming a member of an adjusted screw typically utilized for genuine estimation of additives in civil constructing and construction and similarly most mechanical exchanges, along distinct metrological devices, as an instance, dial, vernier, and computerized calipers. Micrometers are maximum probably, but now not often, as calipers, that is the reason micrometer caliper is a further trendy pick out. The shaft is a precisely machined screw and the item to be measured is positioned between the axle and the iron block. The axle is moved through turning the fastener control or thimble except the object to be measured is gently touched with the aid of manner of every the axle and the iron block. Graduated cylinder A graduated chamber, measuring barrel or mixing barrel is a commonplace bit of look at center equipment used to gauge the volume of a cylinder. It has a limited barrel fashioned shape. Each and each checked line on the graduated chamber speaks to the measure of fluid that has been measured. Air meter Air-entrained cement is in most cases determined in regions of the kingdom the region ice related damage can manifest. The estimation of air substance in crisp cement of traditional thickness is by and huge done making use of the burden method. Despite the entirety, the load approach is every now and again favored in mild of the truth that it within reason speedy. You have were given to begin the experiment interior 15 mins subsequent to acquiring the composite example. Begin by using filling the 0.25 feet base of the air-content experiment device in three identical layers, and bar every layer 25 times. Next to rodding, strike the external of the bottom with hammer 12 to fifteen instances to shut any air voids. In the wake of completing the 3 equal layers, strike off the dish flush on the high to absolutely fill the 0.25 cubic feet extent. Now, it may be weighed as a detail of the computation to determine the crisp solid unit weight. Unit measuring equipment The unit measures are used for measuring the weight of the cylindrical blocks of concrete. The unit measures have a range and can measure only in that range. Endeavors have been made previously to upgrade the stable combination outline utilizing both the absolutely trial structures or fully diagnostic techniques or semi-experimental techniques or genuine techniques. Definitely experiment techniques include a vast affiliation of exams, in some cases directed on an experimentation premise, and the development consequences are primarily pertinent surely to a slim scope of community materials. retaining in mind the pinnacle purpose to reduce the amount of trial blends required to accumulate an outstanding mixture, endeavors were made towards developing clinical techniques justifying the underlying combination proportioning proper into a more sensible and planned method. Investigative approaches aid in searching down a closing strong aggregate in mild of unique locating out of awesome weights of aggregate segments and on wonderful important equations, which take area considering the fact that of previous expertise without leading luxurious and tedious trial works. Semi-experimental tactics rely on consolidating the trial database or tentatively created expectation fashions and one-of-a-kind investigative instruments, for instance, simulated neural gadget, hereditary calculation, and scientific programming. Genuine tactics, likewise termed as measurable trial plan processes or measurable factorial outline processes or configuration of analyses techniques or detailed strategies, are moreover utilized every now and then as part of getting the great sturdy combination plan. Measurable techniques are a transformation over entirely exploratory systems, wherein, rather than selecting one commencing aggregate extent and later on editing with the aid of experimentation for engaging in the correct association, an association of trial agencies protecting a picked scope of extents for every aggregate segment is characterized thru actual strategies. Trial clumps are then finished, experiment examples are synthetic and attempted, and scan results are broke down using standard measurable procedures. these processes include fitting unique items to the information for every execution basis. In these items, each reaction (resultant stable property, for instance, first-rate, slump, or price is communicated as a mathematical capacity of variables (individual segment extents, for illustration, w/c, concrete substance, compound admixture measurements, and percentage pozzolana substitution. After a reaction can also be described via a scenario, some examinations are feasible. For illustration, a consumer may want to training session which mixture extents could yield some of coveted houses. For the CO2 to be less in the concrete cylinder the air content in the concrete should be less and the slump should be higher therefore the mixture D is the best suggested design for the concrete. Reinforced concrete is a composite fabric in which cement's moderately low tension and malleability are balanced with the aid of way of the incorporation of aid having bigger elasticity and/or pliability. The assistance is for the most section, but not so much, steel strengthening bars and is normally inserted inactively within the solid earlier than the solid sets. Fortifying plans are for the maximum part presupposed to oppose pliable anxieties clearly districts of the stable which can deliver approximately inadmissible breaking and/or auxiliary disappointment. modern-day fortified cement can include differed strengthening substances made from metal, polymers or interchange composite cloth along with rebar or not. Fortified cement may also likewise be endlessly centered, to increase the conduct of the very last constitution under operating burdens. Within the United States, the most generally well-known tactics for doing this are called pre-tensioning and publish-tensioning. Since the proper bond stress adjustments alongside the scale of a bar moored in a quarter of strain, modern international codes of determinations employ the idea of development length instead of bond anxiety. The predominant prerequisite for well-being in opposition to safety disappointment is to give an adequate growth of the length of the bar in advance the point the vicinity the metallic is required to build up its yield tension and this length has to be at any fee an same to its development size. Be that as it could, if the precise obtainable duration is inadequate for complete improvement, fantastic moorings should get hold of, for example, pinions or snares or mechanical give up plates. The identical thought applies to lap be part of length positive within the codes in which grafts (masking) gave among two contiguous bars keeping in intellect the quit purpose to keep up the desired congruity of anxiety within the become a member of quarter. The new release of cement, a noteworthy improvement material, emanates various CO2 from the cloth advent stage, as an example, inside the construction of bond, totals, and admixtures, to the assembling degree, and it is common that a lessening of CO2 discharge will probably be required. In like method, gain knowledge of at the evaluation of the proper degree of CO2 outflow in the strong new launch is critical. because of this truth, in ecologically created countries, considers have been directed at the new release of low CO2 discharging concrete, for instance, a low-carbon strong acquisition framework, although thinks approximately in this factor had been poor in Korea. As a end result, this study assessed the fittingness and the diminishment execution of the low-carbon-discharge concrete (LCEC) mixture plan framework and the reasoned combination outline outcomes utilizing a developmental calculation (EA), the appropriate mixture define technique, which minimizes the CO2 emanation of the strong mixture define. This advantage know-how of built up a combination plan database from round 800 strong combo outlines with various traits and applied an EA to finish the pleasant combo outline. On the equal time deriving the exceptional mixture defines, we regarded configuration variables, object capacities, and requirement capacities to accumulate the calculation. At that factor, the suitability and unwavering satisfactory of the blend define located from the super LCEC combo plan framework, which consequently used to be created by way of utilizing the above calculation, were assessed. Further, contextual investigations of present structures in Korea were partitioned into the specific sturdy combination outlines and the derived superb blend plans, which have been contrasted with evaluate the CO2 discharges. Specimen No. Diameter Height Max. Load (mm) (mm) (kN) A4 100.2 203 327 A5 100.1 200 348 A6 100.0 201 330 B4 100.0 203 269 B5 100.2 203 288 B6 100.2 202 278 C4 99.9 203 232 C5 100.2 203 249 C6 100.1 202 236 D4 100.1 202 202 D5 99.9 203 203 D6 100.0 203 196 The experimental data for the diameter, height, and the maximum load for three samples of each of the A, B, C, and D mixture for the air stored in the cylinders. The data for the water cured can be shown as- Specimen No. Diameter Length Max. Load (mm) (mm) (kN) A7 99.9 201 184 A8 99.8 201 177 A9 99.7 200 182 B7 100.2 202 151 B8 99.7 200 147 B9 100.0 201 156 C7 100.0 201 131 C8 100.2 202 134 C9 100.2 201 130 D7 99.8 201 120 D8 99.9 201 117 D9 100.1 202 115 The data for the UPV water cured are as follows- Specimen No. Path Length Elapsed Time Schmidt (mm) (sec) Rebound No. A10 100.0 21.5 36, 37, 36, 36 A11 100.0 21.4 37, 36, 37, 37 A12 99.8 21.4 35, 38, 37, 37 B10 100.0 22.3 34, 32, 34, 31 B11 99.9 22.2 33, 33, 32, 34 B12 100.0 22.1 31, 34, 33, 33 C10 100.0 22.5 27, 26, 29, 28 C11 100.1 22.6 28, 27, 27, 27 C12 100.1 22.4 28, 27, 26, 27 D10 99.9 23.0 22, 23, 21, 20 D11 100.1 22.9 23, 22, 22, 23 D12 100.1 23.0 20, 22, 23, 23 After comparing and analyzing all the experimented data we can conclude that the mixture A is the best suitable mixture for the reinforced concrete as it can withstand with the highest value of the maximum load and thus it can be used for designing the reinforced concrete. As if the mixture of answer 4 i.e. mix A is used for the construction of a bridge is used then the results can be used as a bridge is always will be in contact with water and thus the concrete material should be like that it can withstand with a maximum load in contact with water in cured water. And according to the experimental data the mix A can withstand with the maximum load for the reinforced concrete. The individuals performing these assessments ought to be licensed and have the proper confirmations known as for in the ASTM common check processes. The least stressful and most herbal take a look at to take part in is creating a chamber of recent, solidified cement, and in a while sorting out the solidified example at the predefined age. Inside the February trouble, we talked regarding the contrasts between field-cured and regular-cured chambers. The result for the water it can be represented as- Specimen No. Diameter Length Max. Load (mm) (mm) (kN) A7 99.9 201 184 A8 99.8 201 177 A9 99.7 200 182 B7 100.2 202 151 B8 99.7 200 147 B9 100.0 201 156 C7 100.0 201 131 C8 100.2 202 134 C9 100.2 201 130 D7 99.8 201 120 D8 99.9 201 117 D9 100.1 202 115 The graphical form can be shown as- From the graph we can see that the maximum load capacity is of the mix A, and thus it can be used for the design. Conclusion Cement is a stone like substance sold through the use of permitting a deliberately proportioned blend of concrete, sand and rock or specific total and water to solidify in styles of the shape and of measurements of the sought charter. Reinforced cement likewise has greater great compressive satisfactory when contrasted with maximum precise materials applied for development rather than extraordinary as a part of strain. The mix A is the best suitable option for the design of the reinforced concrete. References Analysis and design of reinforced concrete columns. (1973). Computer-Aided Design, 5(4), p.265. Analysis/Design of Reinforced Concrete Circular Cross Sections. (1988). SJ, 85(6). Aseismic Design of Tall Reinforced Concrete Chimneys. (2002). SJ, 99(5). Automatic Seismic Design of Reinforced Concrete Building Frames. (1990). SJ, 87(3). Automatic Seismic Design of Reinforced Concrete Building Frames. (1990). SJ, 87(3). B., T. (1912). Reinforced Concrete Design. Nature, 89(2229), pp.501-502. Brown, C. (1983). Design of reinforced concrete structures. Materials Design, 4(1), p.696. Cost optimum design of doubly reinforced concrete beams. (1981). Computer-Aided Design, 13(6), p.393. Cost-Optimum Design for Shear Reinforced Concrete Beams. (1999). SJ, 96(1). Cost-Optimum Design of Reinforced Concrete (RC) Beams. (1994). SJ, 91(6). Design Considerations for Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete. (1988). SJ, 85(5). Design for Torsion Using Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete. (1990). ACI Materials Journal, 87(6). Design of Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement for Airports. (1989). SJ, 86(6). Design of Reinforced Concrete Beams with Circular Openings. (2001). SJ, 98(3). Design of Reinforced Concrete Solids Using Stress Analysis. (2003). SJ, 100(6). Design of Slender Reinforced Concrete Walls with Openings. (1998). SJ, 95(4). Flexural Design Methodology for Concrete Beams Reinforced with Fiber-Reinforced Polymers. (2002). SJ, 99(3). Flexural Design of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete. (2009). ACI Materials Journal, 106(5). Optimal design of reinforced concrete frames. (1972). Computer-Aided Design, 4(5), p.284. Peckham, S. (1905). A Treatise on Concrete, plain and reinforced; materials, construction and design of concrete and reinforced concrete. Science, 22(565), pp.523-523.

Stratagy free essay sample

Tests Ply is the leading retailer in I-J holding over 27 % market share. The company has aggressively increased its presence on high street through different store formats type and brings products for everyone. The company has increased its profitability through online selling and making tests. Com a first stop shop for online retailers. The company is holding largest consumer database through its club card card scheme which offers discounts on a point based system to consumer. . 1 Companies Strategic context Mission The corporate mission is a collective statement of purpose that the company wants to achieve.It provides a direction to the staff to target their efforts for a common goal. The mission statement of Tests is. We make what matters better, together. Vision The vision of the company is what it like to become in future. A vision is the long-term aspiration of the founder that can be described to colleagues (Richard Koch 1997). We will write a custom essay sample on Stratagy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Tests vision statement is to be the most highly valued business by the customers we serve, the communities in which we operate our loyal an committed colleagues and course, our shareholders. Goals The goals of the organization make its people to work harder to achieve the defined goals. Financial goals are most commonly observed in most organizations. The goals make the organization set a part form the other companies who look to achieve better results. The main goals of Tests include the customer satisfaction which enables every employee in the company to provide excellent customer experience in Store. Another important goal that organization follows is increasing its product portfolio. This goal make the company to increase its brands including own brands for customer including food and non-food products.Corporate objectives The corporate goals of the company are the strategic goals which are set at he top by the higher arrangement. The corporate objectives of the company include higher level goals which are important for the business. Tests Ply has following corporate objectives Profit Minimization Growth Image building and goodwill Market Reputation Core Competency The core competency of a company is its distinct expertise and capability to do a particular task better than others. This ability of the company stand it out from other in the competition and make way for better business for the company.The competency on the company can be in any particular function which makes the company to work better. Tests enjoys economies of scale in many business domains which makes its the first choice for customers. The company has competency through its bulk buying capacity and to ensure better management of resources. . 2 Strategic Planning problems The strategic planning is a process which identifies and evaluate the efficiency Of long term goals. In include assessment of internal capability and external environmental scan. The process looks in detailed the factors relating to long term sustainability in a uncontrolled organization environment.The strategic leaning process ensure its development, implementation, and evaluation through out the organization. Planning Problems Lack of Commitment The level of commitment by the managerial staff and those who are involved in implementation can create problems for the company. The coordination of activates through firm commitment is essential ingredient of strategic planning. Unclear Goals and standards If the management is not clear about the desired goals that the organization is likely to achieve will create problems. The planning process is based on the specific organizational goals set to be achieved.Uncertainty If the environment in which organization exists is venerable to the factors affecting it can create problems for strategic plan. A business level strategy can have a great impact on companies performance. It shows the direction to its members on how to attain better influence due to change in factors in environment. Tests ply has adopted a business level strategy of offering lower prices to customers. Using it in their marketing campaign has helped them to improve their product portfolio in store and offering something to everyone has help it achieve better results.The problems in business level tragedy can be seen in the case of The New Coke where the company tried to make modification to the product through better strategy had caused the company to change their decision. .3 Planning Techniques There are a number of planning tools which can be used to create strategy. Their significance ensure that the strategy is targeted to specific goals and provide detailed monitoring of activates. BCC Matrix The Boston Matrix was created for a better classification of each unit that organization possesses.It ensure better resource allocation to manage the effect of each unit independently. These units can be classified in to stars, cash cows, dogs and question mark. These show the extent of market share and growth potential that each unit possess to ensure its stability and better management. Question marks are the units which low market share and higher growth rate. Stars hold the most market share and have high degree Of future growth. Similarly the cash cows have low growth potential but have a higher market share for the organization.Stakeholders Mapping It is the arrangement of important stakeholders to judge their impact on Key strategic issues. The expectations of different stakeholder groups gets identified and relative judgments are made to manage their influence. It also evaluates the power which is attached to different stakeholders. The stakeholders are any group of individuals who can affect or is affected by the achievement of the organizations objectives (Freeman 1984). The segment which has a high priority and higher need should be given special attention.Their concerns are important to address as they are important part of strategy planning process. Tests treats its shareholders as of high priority and bigger influence as they take active part decision making. 1 Environmental Audit STRENGTHS These are the unique capabilities that organization possess in any of different factors. The companies look to create advantage over their rivals on some strong points they possess. Tests has shown its strength in a number of aspects such as the bulk buying advantage give them better position to negotiate better rates with suppliers.It biggest market share also works as its strength which make the company to serve more customer than anyone else. The company possess biggest supply chain network enabling it to maintain the right level of stocks. OPPORTUNITIES Opportunities are the chances that exist in the environment of the organization through which it can increase its business and lead to better revenue. Tests has concentrated on the opportunity to build its own products and it calls it the value range making the production cost minimal and offering lower process to customer.The company has also acted on the opportunity to grab a position in financial market through improved services. WEAKNESSES The weak points facing a company which can make it venerable to its environmental challenges must be adequately managed by the company. It is arid to find out the weaker areas for Tests but their inventory management some time make the product to run out from the stores. THREATS The threats are the factors which operate in environment and have the potential to damage the companies position. The biggest threat faced by Tests is the competition that its encountering from the other retailers. 2 The Audit of Environment Factors Description Company example i. E. How your organization is affected by this factor POLITICAL These include the overall political environment that defines the basis of economic environment. These factors play their role for the stability of many. Tests consider all the political aspect that affect a firms ability to make profit. In China the company has analyses the political environment to initiate investment. ECONOMIC The economic system adopted by a particular country has significant impact on its trade and commerce.The macro economic factors also play important role for the companies strategy The impact on UK economic recession were also reflected through the profits of Tests. The fall in aggregate demand can create different problems for company SOCIAL Social aspects relate to the belief system held by the organization. The way people interact share culture and values. The social trends help the company to adopt the better strategy. When Tests adopted the low priced store the marketing message was speared through social values. TECHNOLOGICAL The technological factors also have significant impact on the companies capabilities. The changes in technology must be continuously monitored and any changes must be carefully adopted Tests is ensuring that the technological changes and new processes are adopted to keep the strategic advantage over its rivals. The company may seek to gain different technological advancement in a number of ways. ENVIRONMENTAL The environmental challenges which include green gases emission, pollution and other factors affecting the company. Tests ensure that it take all the necessary measures to ensure it works to protect the environment.The changes may affect the way company conduct its business. LEGAL Legal and regulatory mechanism exists in every country. The legal aspects affect the companies ability to carry out business activates. Tests ensure it abides by the legal regulation in the county of its operations such as legal wages, underage employment and HS Laws . 3 Stakeholder Significance Definition Any identifiable group or individual who can affect the achievement of an organizations objectives or who is affected by the achievement of an organizations objectives. (Freeman and Reed 1983).Analysis The stakeholders are important groups of people who have significant relation with the company. They can influence its decision and some groups possess strategic involvement in decision making. The companies ensure that they use the output of such groups to gain benefit from their relation. Managing the important of stakeholders require a number of different activates some time to keep them informed and to take their input and some mimes it is to keep them satisfied and listen to their thoughts. Some stakeholders exists within the internal environment of organization while others come from external sources.Suppliers The suppliers are the strategic partners, and their products have significance important for the operation of companies. For a retailer such as Tests it is important to manage its key suppliers differently form the other normal suppliers for an extensive list of all suppliers. Importance of Stakeholder Analysis The analysis of stakeholders provide their different needs and importance for the company. The company attempts to meet their requirements and their needs in order to keep them happy and satisfied.It is important for organization to treat them differently due to their different wants and needs. Some groups mostly internal such as employees, managers, shareholder possess more importance for organization but the external require a clear strategy as well such as competitors. .1 Better Future Strategy Market Entry Strategy Market entry strategies are widely used by new organizations looking to start their operation. The companies can use their own capacity to enter a market. Something that they can do best to meet the cost of business it is said to be using organic growth of expansion.The strategy can take longer to take the advantage of the market. Most organization uses the growth strategy to enter in forcing markets to serve new customers. Mergers, Acquisition This strategy is widely perused by the business to enter a new type of market. Companies undertake mergers when they buy a relatively equal size on company and there management rights. An acquisition takes place when a larger organization purchases a smaller firm and vice versa. When the merger ND acquisition is initiated by both the parties it is called a takeover or a hostile takeover.There are a number of forces driving rivals to merge with each other. Some factors include changing technology, excess capacity, changing consumer trends etc. Not all mergers and effective and successful in the past. Companies who not manage the factors affecting mergers and acquisition can run into trouble and lose the strength of their core business. Before the actual merger/acquisition take place a number of issues must be investigated properly such as cultural issues, technological issues which can rate problems for company.Seep was acquired by Microsoft recently and as the merger was in related technology industry therefore it became a success story. Related or Unrelated Diversification There is several general types of diversification strategies which include concentric, horizontal and conglomerate. The related diversification refers to increasing capacity in the similar industry such as Tests has started producing own brands increasing their own manufacturing capabilities. In an unrelated diversification the organization looks to invest and make profit in an unrelated industry.Tests has started Tests bank and offering credit card and loan facility to customers. Limited Growth Strategies When organization perceive that the environment is not right to peruse a growth strategy they follow a limited growth strategy ideally for short term. Market Penetration The companies can achieve limited growth using market penetration strategy. The organization looks to gain market share by offering lower prices to customers. Tests has the leading market share in UK and it is using market penetration to hold their share.Market Development It is another limited growth strategy to be used by organization during the worth term. The company may consider a market expansion strategy to increase. The company look to expand its through related of unrelated diversification to increase its revenue. Retrenchment Strategies The retrenchment strategies available to businesses include following Turnaround Strategy Divestment equitation The turnaround strategy is backing out from the current state of affairs and making new decisions for business. It could be in any aspect of business such as negative cash flow, decreasing sales etc. Most organizations look to employ more resources and reinvent new procedures following a turnaround in their equines. .2 Selecting appropriate future strategy Business Report Sub: Future strategy for Tests Tests Ply has been in retail business for many years. The company is currently holding leading market share in UK. It has expanded operations recently in a number of countries using its organic growth strategy.The company has improved its distribution system using related diversification and the result has been that it is able to enjoy economies of scale as result. The company is facing tough competition at home where other retailers are growing their capacity. Tests will be beneficial if it uses mergers and acquisitions of in related industry. The company will need to consider the implication of completion Act to peruse any mergers/ acquisition. Tests will need to assess the relative culture and the financial standing of the company they to attain.It will be able to actively follow the growth strategy in its related business which will improve the shareholders return on investment. The advantage to Tests to grow using mergers and acquisition will be as follows; They will be able to make efficient use of their sales force Improved profitability for the company Increased market share They will be able to gain economies of scale The company will be able to gain access to new and better supplier Tests has been in business for many years it understands the art of retailing like no one else in UK.The company will have to assess the factors relating to mergers/ acquisitions as these factors can create problems. The disadvantages include; Cultural clashes Redundancies Conflict of goals Increased financial liability Recommendations Tests can use the organic growth strategy to grow its business as a major retailer. The company will need to pay attention to various laws relating to acquisition. The company needs to ascertain the financial capacity and the cultural aspects of the company they choose to acquire.Using such an approach the company will likely to be benefited despite the number of problems identified in report. But the strategy will improve its market share and will increase their capacity to serve increased number of customers. .1 Comparing Role of Strategic Implementation Activities required for Implementation The organist on must carry out detailed research about the factors affecting the implementation process. The factors which can create problems must be ruefully evaluated. The recourse allocation must be carried out in a way to support a smooth implementation.The objectives required to be reevaluated to create a new goals and Objective for both the organization. An organizational wide implementation approach is required for the proper implementation of strategy in which all units must participate. For effective implementation it is important for organization to set new procedures to carry out their operations. It might involve changes in structure and formal reporting procedures. Roles and Responsibilities for Implementation Various roles are critical of the implementation of the strategy which involves the shareholder as most important. They need to decide the future direction and its effective implementation through changes in internal culture and structure or organizations. Managers also ensure they perceive the shareholders requirement and pass them on effectively to the employees for better results. The implementation ensured by management can show long term effectiveness to Decos proposed merger/acquisition in future. Employee also play critical role in strategic implementation process they must allocate the right resources and get involve to new conditions by avoiding any conflicts among them.Comparison of Roles and Responsibility A commitment of implementation is necessary through all the organs of the company. The important stakeholders have a joint obligation to fulfill their obligation to implement the strategy. The most important role is played by the employees of organization which need to implement in practical. They can turn things around for the company due to their own job experience. .2 Managing Resource Requirement It is important for organization to manage following aspects in order to achieve a better implementation.Human Resource requirement The human resource managers evaluate the HER requirements for the effective implementation of strategy. He is in charge of activities such as staffing, planning training and development activities within the organization. In order for Tests to implement the merger/acquisition the human resource requirement will be fulfilled though the firm acquired. The people will have the right skills to do the job. The process might involve changing the nature of existing resource through a series of restructuring. It can be harmful for the many as the employees might perceive change negatively.Tests might require new managers to investigate the details of merger/acquisition of the new firm and to deal with the legal aspects. Financial Resources The impact of increase financial requirement must be carefully evaluated. The sources to be utilized should be examined thoroughly and a risk assessment should cover their aspects. The financial resources allocation can be critical to meet the short and long term aspects of the project. Tests might have to evaluate new resources to pay off the liabilities of the firm they are looking to take over. Time Constrain Designing and publishing related training materials and safety manuals is also important. Organizations must understand the importance of completing impotent activities On time. The timing Of the total project should be selected carefully by having deeper understanding of duration of every activity. 3 Targets and Time line Achievements The targets and time line achievement for an organization is really important, as they need to provide timely deliveries of important projects. Gaunt charts are created for the purpose of ranging a project or task in the time frame for effective completion.

Case Study Review Essays - Health, Confidentiality, Secrecy, Source

Case Study Review Essays - Health, Confidentiality, Secrecy, Source Case Study Review Laura Rubio BSHS/335 March 30, 2015 Stephanie Chupein Case Study Review In case study 9, the case talks about Physician Access to Information as a Noncustodial Parent. In this case it talks about a 14-year-old boy by the name of Rajiv who was recently treated in the Emergency Department. Rajiv's mother has sole custody of him, and Dr. Singh who is his father does not have visitation rights of him. Due to circumstances of his divorce, Rajiv's mother was able to provide documentation for inclusion in his health records stating that under no circumstances would Dr. Singh would be allowed to access Rajiv's health information. Rajiv's father Dr. Singh ran into Mrs. Singh's neighbor in the grocery store, and that is when the neighbor had asked about his recovery. That is when Dr. Singh said that he was unaware of any issues concerning Rajiv's health, prompting the neighbor Mr. Smith to fill him in on the details. Mr. Smith was unaware of the custody arrangements and details of the divorce. The next morning, Dr. Singh went to the Health Information Services department requesting a copy of his son's records for review. Thanks to talking with the neighbor, Dr. Singh was able to provide a date and circumstances of his son's medical treatment to the Release of Information clerk pulled Rajiv's chart, as she was getting ready to copy the record she noticed a note prohibiting Dr. Singh from accessing Rajiv's records. Dr. Singh who knew that this clerk did not like confrontation with physicians, he simply told her that he was trying to assist Rajiv's mother in getting a copy of his records to take to a specialist that was she did not have to come and get them herself. Even after Dr. Singh telling her that the clerk, defended the confidential nature of Rajiv's records and she refused to copy the records. Dr. Singh then became loud and abrupt with the file clerk to the point that Jane, the Director of Health Information Services, came out of her office to determine what the pr oblem was. Jane reminded Dr. Singh of the confidential nature of all patient health records and the privacy and security issues presented through the Health Information Portability and Accountability Act. Dr. Singh then said that he understood and respected that regulations must be followed. About a half hour later, Dr. Singh presented to the Physician Record Assistant's desk. This is when he requested his incomplete records so that he could sign and dictate outstanding reports. He also requested for them to pull Rajiv Jones' chart for him to review. She had some difficulty locating Rajiv's chart, she went to other areas of the Health Information Services department to see if anybody else had the chart. When the Release of Information Clerk was approached about the record, she was informed the Physician Record Assistant that Dr. Singh was not allowed access to Rajiv's records. She then informed Dr. Singh that she could not give him Rajiv's chart, and if he has any questions, he should talk with Jane. Then he apologized for any inconvenience, completed his incomplete records, and then went to the nursing units to do his rounds. That is where he has developed a relationship of respect with the nurses on the unit and made another attempt at requesting his son's records while on his morning rounds. He had asked Betty, a nurse on the orthopedic unit, if she could call and have the chart sent up for him, she promptly called Health Information Services, simply stating that a physician needs the chart. That is when Betty was asked which doctor was requesting the chart and Betty said that it was Dr. Singh. She was then told that he was not able to have access to the records. That is when Betty responded by demanding that if a physician requests records, that physician's intentions should not be questioned. The Release of Information Clerk finally transferred Betty to Jane, who continued to protect the confidentiality of the records. Finally Dr. Singh went to visit the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the facility Charles to make arrangements for their weekly golfing outing. Dr. Singh reported that he was having problems getting

Tips for perfect proofreading - Emphasis

Tips for perfect proofreading Tips for perfect proofreading Its turned into proofing week here at the Emphasis blog. In this final part, we aim to finish turning you into mistake-spotting machines. How Stocking up on red pens is just the beginning. Follow these tips to ensure you always prove your proofreading prowess. Proofread in the morning if you can if youre tired, youre more likely to miss things. Proofread at least twice once for sense, once for technical accuracy. Read backwards for typos so youre not distracted by the meaning of the words. Use a blank sheet of paper to cover material not yet proofed and point to each word as you go. Print documents off to proofread its much more effective than trying to do it onscreen. [Note: If, however, your office or personal policy is to minimise printing for the sake of the environment, at least use a pen or pencil to point to each word onscreen as you go.] What Look out for: clusters of mistakes: the elation of spotting one may lead you to miss the one right next to it repetition of words particularly split over two lines commonly mixed up words, eg there and their, or principle and principal little words big words draw the eye brackets and speech marks is the second one in the right place? And finally Here are a few clarifying pointers inspired by the challenge worth raising: Its very easy to overlook titles, subtitles and headings, or subject lines in email (particularly as they wont be spellchecked). Dont! There was a howler in this one. Depending on your companys style, you may not need to put a comma after the salutation and sign off in letters and emails. If you do use them, be consistent ie use them after both Its only needs an apostrophe when its short for it is or it has. When it shows possession, it doesnt have one. If youre having trouble placing an apostrophe in a less-than-familiar construction (eg each others work), just reverse it like so: the work of each other (not others). So here it needs to go after the r. Youd only put a full stop or any other punctuation inside a bracket if the brackets contain a full sentence. If they contain an aside, the punctuation will be outside. For example: From now on, lets make sure that nothing is sent out without first being proofread (this includes email). Happy proofing!

Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 25

Art - Essay Example The statue sits in a corner spot, well lit by natural windows from behind and both sides. This position forces the viewer to appreciate the work from the frontal position, and does not allow a good view from the sides or the back. The positioning of what amounts to a severed head onto a base places great emphasis on the facial expression. The work is representational and very detailed, showing realistic touches such as the wrinkles on the forehead and the waves of hair sticking out in patches from the head. This realism is modified somewhat by the blue coloring, which is an unusual choice for a representational self-portrait because it does not represent the human skin tones very accurately. The head maintains the usual proportions of adult human anatomy and conveys an expression of intensity and concentration, indicated by the pursed lips and protruding neck veins. The beard, head hair and eyebrows are represented by tufts and clumps and they all sit frame-like around the central eyes and nose which form the focus of the whole piece. This lumpy texture contrasts with the smoother texture of expanses of skin. The glaze is shiny, which makes the surface of the cheeks and the forehead glisten. This adds to the realism of the piece because it is reminiscent of human perspiration. My first reaction on viewing this work was surprise. The incongruous color and startling expression drew my attention to the piece. At first I did not notice the inscription on the base and I wondered what the meaning of the strange expression might be. I imagined that the head was rendered speechless by something that it had seen. It did not look too pleased, and something about the eyes suggested to me that the person was unhappy and perhaps a little afraid. The head reminded me of an ancient sculpture and the color made me think of the sea. I thought it might be an ancient image of the sea god Neptune or perhaps a Biblical character like Noah or Moses. When I

Listening Log Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Listening Log - Essay Example Furthermore, it is beautiful to hear a single unaccompanied instrument, which really brings the focus down to the skill of the individual musician and the abilities of the instrument. The second piece is a piano piece entitled Adagio Sostenuto performed by Daniel Barenboim It is by enlarge soft and delicate. The perpetual melody of only three notes bring all of the other elements of the composition into incredibly sharp focus. This piece is also almost entirely in a minor key, underscoring a sad or somewhat mournful attitude. This is an amazing piece that I like quite a lot. One of the things I like about it is its huge amount and variety of textures, and rolling mini climaxes without that show that you can create a peak in music without going overly-loud or increasing tempo overly much. I also like that it is soft and delicate without being in any way tentative, every stroke is done with precision and determination, and even after a moment of hesitancy the stroke comes down in a pow erful way. The next song is the classic â€Å"Smooth Criminal† by the ever-famous (even posthumously) Michael Jackson. Its genre is, strictly speaking, pop. It is incredibly danceable, in a strict and somewhat predictable four-four time. It also has an incredibly catchy and single-able chorus. It incorporates a wide variety of influences, however. There are touches of proto industrial music in the percussion, which sound like they may be clanging on metal pans or the sides of a building. Furthermore, rap has a significant influence on the song, with its tersely spoken-word style narrative, as does funk through a wide use of synth and base. So while this is a pop song through and through, it has a wide variety of influences. This song is a really enjoyable one to listen to for a wide variety of reasons. Firstly, Michael Jackson has an incredibly interesting voice, which he layers and uses to great effect in this song. It also is a great representative of 1980s pop, almost over using synth while somehow being able to pull it off effectively at the last minute. This is a song by Cold Play. It is definitely a pop-rock song, falling into four-four time with emphasis on the two and four, though it interestingly has a base drum on every beat. Unlike many pop-rock songs, this forgoes traditional insturemenation, choosing to augment the classical base-guitar-vocalist-drummer set-up with at least a quartet of string instruments (the cello carries the melody for much of the song, but there are places one can definitely hear a viola and or a violin as well), along with a wide range of non-traditional (for the genre). I am indifferent to this song, because it does some things well but some things poorly. I think the choice of instrumentation is very interesting to listen to, and carry the song very well. The problem, however, is that I do not feel that the lyrics are very evocative, and fail to carry the song properly. The final song is â€Å"Back to Black† b y the gone-all-to-early Amy Winehouse. This is an incredibly interesting songs. By far the most important instrument in this composition is vocals, with Amy Winehouse providing a powerhouse performance. It also has a string section, a drum kit and possibly some horns kicking in the back, which all lead to a very layered and rich sound. This song harkens back to Motown Era R&B, with a heavy influence from soul.

Linguistics and Interjections Essay Example for Free

Linguistics and Interjections Essay In Western philosophy and linguistic theory, interjections—that is, words like oof, ouch, and bleah—have traditionally been understood to indicate emotional states. This article offers an account of interjections in Q’eqchi’ Maya that illuminates their social and discursive functions. In particular, it discusses the grammatical form of interjections, both in Q’eqchi’ and across languages, and characterizes the indexical objects and pragmatic functions of interjections in Q’eqchi’ in terms of a semiotic framework that may be generalized for other languages. With these grammatical forms, indexical objects, and pragmatic functions in hand, it details the various social and discursive ends that interjections serve in one Q’eqchi’ community, thereby shedding light on local values, norms, ontological classes, and social relations. In short, this article argues against interpretations of interjections that focus on internal emotional states by providing an account of their meanings in terms of situational, discursive, and social context. p a u l k o c k e l m a n is McKennan Post-Doctoral Fellow in Linguistic Anthropology in the Department of Anthropology at Dartmouth College (Hanover, N.H. 03755, U.S.A. [[emailprotected]]). Born in 1970, he was educated at the University of California, Santa Cruz (B.A., 1992) and the University of Chicago (M.S., 1994; Ph.D., 2002). His publications include â€Å"The Collection of Copal among the Q’eqchi’-Maya† (Research in Economic Anthropology 20:163–94), â€Å"Factive and Counterfactive Clitics in Q’eqchi’-Maya: Stance, Status, and Subjectivity,† in Papers from the Thirty-eighth Annual Regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistics Society (Chicago: Linguistics Society, in press), and â€Å"The Interclausal Relations Hierarchy in Q’eqchi’ Maya† (International Journal of American Linguistics 69:25–48). The present paper was submitted 1 vi 01 and accepted 27 xii 02. 1. A longer version of this article was presented at the workshop â€Å"Semiotics: Culture in Context† at the University of Chicago in January 2001. Chris Ball, Anya Bernstein, John Lucy, and Michael Silverstein all provided very helpful commentary. This article also greatly beneï ¬ ted from suggestions made by Benjamin S. Orlove and several anonymous referees. Western philosophy and linguistic theory have traditionally considered interjections at the periphery of language and primordially related to emotion. For example, the Latin grammarian Priscian deï ¬ ned interjections as â€Å"a part of speech signifying an emotion by means of an unformed word† (Padley 1976:266). Muller (1862)  ¨ thought that interjections were at the limit of what might be called language. Sapir (1921:6–7) said that they were â€Å"the nearest of all language sounds to instinctive utterance.† Bloomï ¬ eld (1984[1933]:177) said that they â€Å"occur under a violent stimulus,† and Jakobson (1960: 354) considered them exemplars of the â€Å"purely emotive stratum of language.† While interjections are no longer considered peripheral to linguistics and are now carefully deï ¬ ned with respect to their grammatical form, their meanings remain vague and elusive. In particular, although interjections are no longer characterized pure ly in terms of emotion, they are still characterized in terms of â€Å"mental states.† For example, Wierzbicka (1992:164) characterizes interjections as â€Å"[referring] to the speaker’s current mental state or mental act.† Ameka (1992a:107) says that â€Å"from a pragmatic point of view, interjections may be deï ¬ ned as a subset of items that encode speaker attitudes and communicative intentions and are contextbound,† and Montes (1999:1289) notes that many interjections â€Å"[focus] on the internal reaction of affectedness of the speaker with respect to the referent.† Philosophers have offered similar interpretations. For example, Herder thought that interjections were the human equivalent of animal sounds, being both a â€Å"language of feeling† and a â€Å"law of nature† (1966:88), and Rousseau, pursuing the origins of language, theorized that protolanguage was â€Å"entirely interjectional† (1990:71). Indeed, such philosophers have posited a historical transition from interjections to language in which the latter allows us not only to index pain and express passion but also to denote values and exercise reason (D’Atri 1995).2 Thus interjections have been understood as a semiotic artifact of our natural origins and the most transparent index of our emotions. Such an understanding of interjections is deeply rooted in Western thought. Aristotle (1984), for example, posited a contrastive relationship between voice, proper only to humans as instantiated in language, and sound, shared by humans and animals as instantiated in cries. This contrastive relation was then compared with other analogous contrastive relations, in particular, value and pleasure/pain, polis and household, and bios (the good life, or political life proper to humans) and zoe (pure life, shared by all living things). Such a contrast is so pervasive that modern philosophers such as Agamben (1995) have devoted much of their scholarly work to the thinking out of this tradition and others built on it such as id versus ego in the Freudian paradigm. In short, the folk distinction made between interjections and language 2. D’Atri (1995:124) argues that, for Rousseau, â€Å"interjections . . . are sounds and not voices: they are passive registerings and as such do not presuppose the intervention of will, which is what characterizes human acts of speech.† Proper maps onto a larger set of distinctions in Western thought: emotion and cognition, animality and humanity, nature and culture, female and male, passion and reason, bare life and the good life, pain and value, private and public, and so on (see, e.g., Lutz 1988, Strathern 1988). In this article I avoid such abstracting and dichotomizing traps by going straight to the heart of interjections: their everyday usage in actual discourse when seen in the context of local culture and grounded in a semiotic framework. I begin by characterizing the linguistic and ethnographic context in which I carried out my research and go on to relate interjections to other linguistic forms, showing how they are both similar to and distinct from other classes of words in natural languages. Next I provide and exemplify a semiotic framework, generalizable across languages, in terms of which the indexical objects and pragmatic functions of interjections can best be characterized. Then I detail the local usage of the 12 most commonly used interjections in Q’eqchi’ and show the way in which they are tied into all things cultural: values, norms, ontological classes, social relations, and so on. I conclude by discussing the relative frequency with which the various forms and functions of interjections are used. In short, I argue against interpretations of interjections that focus on emotional states by providing an account of their meanings in terms of situational, discursive, and social context. Linguistic and Ethnographic Context While I am attempting to provide as wide a theoretical account of interjections as I can, thereby providing a metalanguage for speaking about similar sign phenomena in other languages, I am also trying to capture the grammatical niceties of Q’eqchi’ Maya and the discursive and social particularities of one Q’eqchi’-speaking village in particular. Before I begin my analysis, then, I want to sketch the linguistic and ethnographic context in which I worked. Q’eqchi’ is a language in the Kichean branch of the Mayan family, spoken by some 360,000 speakers in Guatemala (in the departments of Alta Verapaz, Izabel, and Peten) and Belize (Kaufman 1974, Stewart 1980). 3 Lin ´ guistically, Q’eqchi’ is relatively well described: scholars such as Berinstein (1985), Sedat (1955), Stewart (1980), Stoll (1896), and Chen Cao et al. (1997) have discussed its syntax, morphology, phonology, and lexicon, and I have detailed various morphosyntactic forms (encoding grammatical categories such as mood, status, evidentiality, taxis, and inalienable possession) as they intersect with sociocultural values and contextual features and as they illuminate local modes of personhood (Kockelman 3. Typologically, Q’eqchi’ is a morphologically ergative, head-marking language. In Q’eqchi’, vowel length (signaled by doubling letters) is phonemic; /k/ and /q/ are velar and uvular plosives, respectively, and /x/ and /j/ are palato-alveolar and velar fricatives, respectively. All other phonemes have their standard IPA values. 2002, 2003a, b). This article is therefore part of a larger project in which I examine how intentional and evaluative stances are encoded in natural languages and the relations that such stances bear to local modes of subjectivity. Alta Verapaz, the original center of the Q’eqchi’-speaking people who still make up the majority of its population, has had a unusual history even by Guatemalan standards. In 1537, after the Spanish crown had failed to conquer the indigenous peoples living there, the Dominican Friar Bartolome de Las Casas was permitted to  ´ pacify the area through religious methods. Having succeeded, he changed the name of the area from Tezulutlan (Land of War) to Verapaz (True Peace), and the Dominicans were granted full control over the area—the state banning secular immigration, removing all military colonies, and nullifying previous land grants. In this way, for almost 300 years the area remained an isolated enclave, relatively protected by the paternalism of the church in comparison with other parts of Guatemala (King 1974, Sapper 1985). This ended abruptly in the late 1800s, however, with the advent of coffee growing, liberal reforms, and the inï ¬â€šux of Europeans (Cambranes 1985, Wagner 1996). Divested of their land and forced to work on coffee plantations, the Q’eqchi’ began migrating north into the unpopulated lowland forests of the Peten  ´ and Belize (Adams 1965, Carter 1969, Howard 1975, Kockelman 1999, Pedroni 1991, Saa Vidal 1979, Schwartz 1990, Wilk 1991). In the past 40 years this migration has been fueled by a civil war that has ravaged the Guatemalan countryside, with the Q’eqchi’ ï ¬â€šeeing not just scarce resources and labor quotas but also their own nation’s soldiers—often forcibly conscripted speakers of other Mayan languages (Carmack 1988, IWGIA 1978, Wilson 1995). As a consequence, the past century has seen the Q’eqchi’ population spread from Alta Verapaz to the Peten and ï ¬ nally to Belize, Mexico, and even the  ´ United States. Indeed, although only the fourth largest of some 24 Mayan languages, Q’eqchi’ is thought to have the largest percentage of monolinguals, and the ethnic group is Guatemala’s fastest-growing and most geographically extensive (Kaufman 1974, Stewart 1980). The two key ethnographies of Q’eqchi’-speakers have been written by Wilk (1991) and Wilson (1995), the former treating household ecology in Belize and the latter upheavals in village life and identity at the height of the civil war in highland Guatemala during the 1980s. In addition to these monographs, there are also a number of dissertations and articles on the history (King 1974, Sapper 1985, Wagner 1996), ecology (Carter 1969, Secaira 1992, Wilson 1972), and migration (Adams 1965, Howard 1975, Pedroni 1991) of Q’eqchi’-speaking people. The data for this article are based on almost two years of ethnographic and linguistic ï ¬ eldwork among speakers of Q’eqchi’, most of it in Ch’inahab, a village of some 80 families (around 650 people) in the municipality of San Juan Chamelco, in the department of Alta Verapaz. At an altitude of approximately 2,400 m, Ch’inahab is one of the highest villages in this area, with an annual precipitation of more than 2,000 mm. It is also one of the most remote, access to the closest road requiring a three-hour hike down a steep and muddy single-track trail. Its relatively high altitude and remote location provide the perfect setting for cloud forest, and such a cloud forest provides the perfect setting for the resplendent quetzal, being home to what is thought to be the highest density of such birds in the world. Because of the existence of the quetzal and the cloud forest in which it makes its home, Ch’inahab has been the site of a successful eco-tourism project the conditions and consequences of which are detailed in my dissertation (Kockelman 2002). While the majority of villagers in Ch’inahab are monolingual speakers of Q’eqchi’, some men who have served time in the army or worked as itinerant traders speak some Spanish. All the villagers are Catholic. Ch’inahab is divided by a mountain peak with dwellings on both of its sides and in the surrounding valleys. It takes about 45 minutes to hike across the village. At one end there is a biological station kept by the eco-tourism project and used sporadically by European ecologists, and at the other there is a Catholic church and a cemetery. In the center there is a small store, a school for primary and secondary grades, and a soccer ï ¬ eld. The surrounding landscape is cloud forest giving way to scattered house sites, agricultural parcels, pasture, and ï ¬ elds now fallow. All villagers engage in corn-based, or milpa, agriculture, but very few have enough land to fulï ¬ ll all of their subsistence needs.4 For this reason, many women in the village are dedicated to chicken husbandry, most men in the village engage in seasonal labor on plantations (up to ï ¬ ve months a year in some cases), and many families engage in itinerant trade (women weaving baskets and textiles for the men to sell) and eco-tourism (the women hosting tourists and the men guiding them). Dwelling sites often contain a scattering of houses in which reside an older couple and their married sons, all of whom share a water source and a pasture. The individual families themselves often have two houses, a relatively traditional thatched-roof house in which the family cooks and sleeps and a relatively new house with a tin roof in which they host festivals and in which older children and ecotourists may sleep. Because of eco-tourism and the inï ¬â€šux of money and strangers that it brings, there has been an increase in the construction of such tin-roofed houses, and, as will be seen, many of my examples of interjections come from such construction contexts. My data on the use of interjections among villagers in Ch’inahab comes from 14 months of ï ¬ eldwork carried out between 1998 and 2001. The data collection con4. Before 1968, what is now Ch’inahab was owned by the owner of a plantation. Q’eqchi’-speakers who lived in the village of Popobaj (located to the south of and lower than Ch’inahab) were permitted to make their milpa in this area in exchange for two weeks of labor per month on the ï ¬ nca (Secaira 1992:20). Only in 1968, when a group of villagers got together to form a land acquisition committee, were some 15 caballerÄ ±as (678 ha) of land purchased from the owner  ´ for 4,200 quetzals (US$4,200). This land, while legally owned by the entire community, was divided among the original 33 villagers as a function of their original contributions.